Final answer:
Following a multiple myeloma diagnosis, additional tests such as a bone marrow biopsy, imaging studies, and comprehensive blood tests are typically done. Treatment may involve chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and possibly a bone marrow transplant, tailored to the individual's condition.
Step-by-step explanation:
Once a diagnosis of multiple myeloma has been established, the next steps typically include further testing and treatment planning. The initial diagnostic tests might have included serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) showing a monoclonal protein spike and possibly Bence Jones proteinuria testing to detect the presence of abnormal light chains of immunoglobulins in the urine. From here, additional tests can include a bone marrow biopsy to assess the extent of plasma cell invasion, imaging studies like MRI or CT scans for bone lesions, and comprehensive blood tests, including calcium levels to check for hypercalcemia, renal function tests, and complete blood counts.
Based on the staging and individual patient factors, treatment options can include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and in some cases, bone marrow transplant. This approach is used to manage symptoms, control the spread of cancer, and extend survival. The treatment recommended will be personalized to the patient's specific condition and overall health.