Final answer:
Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) is a sequela of S. pyogenes infections that presents with hematuria, edema, and hypertension after a throat or skin infection. IgA nephropathy is a chronic condition with similar renal symptoms, due to IgA deposits in the kidneys. Differentiating between the two is important for treatment.
Step-by-step explanation:
When comparing acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) and IgA nephropathy, it is important to understand their causes, signs, and symptoms. PSGN is a sequela of S. pyogenes infections, either from a strep throat or skin infections and tends to develop 1-3 weeks after the acute infection. On the other hand, IgA nephropathy is a chronic condition, which occurs when Immunoglobulin A (IgA) deposits build up in the kidneys, leading to inflammation.
For PSGN, symptoms can include hematuria (blood in the urine), proteinuria (protein in the urine), increased blood pressure, and edema of the face, hands, and feet. These occur because immune complexes deposit in the glomerular capillary endothelium, triggering inflammation in the kidneys.
IgA nephropathy shares some symptoms with PSGN, such as hematuria and proteinuria, which can lead to kidney impairment over time. It is essential to differentiate between these two conditions for proper treatment, although both may present initially with similar renal signs.