Final answer:
Screening protocol for healthcare workers for contact with tuberculosis (TB) includes the Mantoux tuberculin skin test and chest radiograph to detect Ghon complex formation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Screening Protocol for Healthcare Workers for Contact with Tuberculosis (TB)
Tuberculosis (TB) screening for healthcare workers is essential to detect and prevent the spread of the disease in healthcare settings. The following is a screening protocol commonly used:
- Mantoux tuberculin skin test: This test is used to screen for potential TB exposure. It involves injecting a small amount of tuberculin antigen into the skin and evaluating the reaction. However, in individuals who have received the BCG vaccine, false-positive results may occur.
- Chest radiograph: If the skin test is positive or if there is a known exposure to TB, a chest radiograph is performed to detect Ghon complex formation. This confirms exposure to TB.
The screening test for TB has a 20 percent chance of a Type II error, meaning it may fail to detect TB when it is actually present. It also has a 10 percent chance of a Type I error, meaning it may detect TB when it is not present.