Question

Describe the downstream affects of ANG2 on the following:

a) Arterioles
b) CVCC
c) Adrenal Cortex
d) Hypothalamus
e) Proximal tubule

Answer 1

ANG2 has downstream effects on arterioles, the CVCC, the adrenal cortex, and the hypothalamus, but not the proximal tubule.

Step-by-step explanation:

ANG2, also known as Angiotensin II, has downstream effects on various organs and structures in the body. Here are the effects on the following:

1. Arterioles: ANG2 causes vasoconstriction of arterioles, leading to an increase in systemic blood pressure.
2. CVCC (Cardiovascular Control Center): ANG2 affects the CVCC in the brain, which helps regulate blood pressure. It stimulates the release of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH), which prevents the loss of water and raises blood pressure.
3. Adrenal Cortex: ANG2 stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone acts on the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron, leading to increased sodium reabsorption and water retention, thereby raising blood pressure.
4. Hypothalamus: ANG2 acts on the hypothalamus to regulate thirst, leading to increased water intake and maintaining blood volume and pressure.
5. Proximal Tubule: ANG2 does not have direct downstream effects on the proximal tubule.