Final answer:
The correct answer is Autologous donation, where a patient donates their own blood for their surgery, minimizing risks associated with blood transfusions from others.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term for a donation of a patient's own blood for an upcoming surgery is C) Autologous donation. This type of blood donation is a safe and efficient practice for elective surgeries, reducing the demand for donor blood supply and eliminating the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections or immune responses against non-self blood types. In contrast, Homologous donation refers to blood donated by another person, which carries more risks related to compatibility and immune rejection.