Final answer:
ADA current dental terminology uses 'prophylaxis' for preventive cleaning when plaque is present, and 'scaling and root planing' for deeper cleaning to remove tartar and manage periodontal diseases. In some cases, medications like dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) may be involved in the treatment regimen.
Step-by-step explanation:
The terms “prophylaxis” and “scaling and root planing” continue to be used in ADA current dental terminology to describe procedures for managing plaque and tartar on teeth, which are integral to preventing and treating periodontal disease. Prophylaxis is a preventive treatment performed to clean the teeth and is particularly recommended when plaque buildup is evident. The aim is to prevent the progression to more severe conditions such as periodontitis, which may require more intensive treatment. On the other hand, scaling and root planing is a more deep cleaning procedure for those who have dental calculus, also known as tartar, and are at risk of dental caries and other periodontal diseases. This procedure involves removing the calcified plaque from the teeth and smoothing the roots to promote healthy reattachment of the gums to the teeth.
In certain situations, patients may also be prescribed medications to manage their periodontal conditions. For instance, aspirin combined with another antiplatelet drug, also known as dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), may be prescribed preventatively when plaque buildup is not yet causing major obstruction but poses a risk for future cardiovascular issues.