Final answer:
Quick acting insulin is a type of insulin that acts within 15 minutes of injection, helping to regulate blood sugar levels during meals. It is essential for individuals with insulin-responsive diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Graph-A illustrates how insulin and glucagon affect blood glucose levels, which in turn helps diagnose the type of diabetes.
Step-by-step explanation:
A quick acting insulin is a type of insulin that starts working very quickly, within approximately 15 minutes, after injection. Its primary purpose is to control blood sugar levels during meals, helping to mimic the way the body naturally produces insulin. Graph-A shows that in normal persons or those with insulin-responsive diabetes mellitus (IDDM), an insulin injection leads to a decrease in blood glucose level as the cells utilize the glucose with the aid of insulin. The level then increases due to the secretion of glucagon and returns to normal within about 2½ hours. In contrast, an injection of glucagon in normal persons or those with non-responsive diabetes mellitus leads to an increase in blood glucose levels as glucose is released from the cells. This level then decreases and eventually returns to normal as the effect of glucagon wanes or insulin takes over in non-diabetic individuals. The responsiveness to insulin or glucagon helps in determining the type of diabetes a person has, whether it's IDDM or insulin non-responsive diabetes mellitus.