Final answer:
Isoniazid is a critical medication used in treating tuberculosis, usually taken at 300 mg per day by adults and carefully dosed for children. The duration of treatment is generally for at least 6 months. Marsha was told to stay home to prevent the spread of TB and to recuperate while undergoing treatment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The drug isoniazid is a key medication used in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Isoniazid works as a prodrug which becomes activated within the bacteria to interfere with the synthesis of mycolic acid, an essential component of the mycobacterial cell wall. The typical dose of isoniazid can vary depending on a number of factors including age, weight, and the severity of the infection, so it is important to follow the prescription provided by a healthcare professional.
Generally, adults may take 300 mg per day, while children usually receive a dose based on their body weight. It is often prescribed alongside other medications like rifampin, and treatment regimens generally last for at least 6 months to ensure the elimination of the TB bacteria. The important thing is to adhere to the treatment plan given by a healthcare provider to mitigate the chances of developing drug resistance and adequately treat the tuberculosis infection.
The doctor ordered Marsha to stay home for three months because tuberculosis is a contagious disease, and it is critically important to minimize the spread to others, especially before the treatment takes full effect and reduces the risk of transmission. This period also allows the patient to recover while under treatment without risking the health of others or contracting further infections during the weakened state associated with TB.