Final answer:
The 2-dose HPV vaccine schedule can be started at ages 11 to 12 and is available up to age 21 for males and 26 for females. It protects against strains of HPV that can lead to cervical cancer and other HPV-related cancers. Vaccines like Gardasil and Cervarix cover multiple high-risk HPV strains.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 2-dose schedule of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine can be given starting at the ages of 11 to 12 years. This vaccine is recommended for both girls and boys to protect them from developing HPV-related cancers later in life. It is most effective when administered before any exposure to HPV, which is why the vaccine is recommended to be given at a younger age, prior to sexual activity. However, for those who did not receive it at the recommended age, the vaccine is still available for males up to age 21 and for females up to age 26.
Studies indicate that the HPV vaccine has been successful in cutting rates of infection by the targeted strains significantly. Given the high prevalence of HPV and its association with cervical cancer, vaccination serves as a critical preventive measure. The vaccines, such as Gardasil and Cervarix, also cover different strains linked to genital warts and various cancers, making it a comprehensive approach to HPV prevention.