Final answer:
An STEMI is a severe type of heart attack caused by a complete blockage of a coronary artery. The most important intervention to reduce mortality rate in patients with STEMI is immediate reperfusion therapy, which involves restoring blood flow to the affected artery through either primary percutaneous coronary intervention or thrombolytic therapy.
Step-by-step explanation:
An STEMI (ST-elevation myocardial infarction) is a severe type of heart attack in which there is a complete blockage of a coronary artery due to a blood clot. The most important intervention to reduce mortality rate in patients with STEMI is immediate reperfusion therapy, which involves restoring blood flow to the affected artery. This can be achieved either through primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), where a stent is placed to open the blocked artery, or through thrombolytic therapy, which involves administering a clot-dissolving drug.
Thrombolytic agents, such as streptokinase, help dissolve the blood clot in the blocked artery, restoring blood flow to the heart muscle. The early administration of a thrombolytic agent significantly reduces the risk of death and improves the overall prognosis for patients with STEMI. However, it is important to note that thrombolytic therapy may not be suitable for all patients and the decision to use it should be made by a healthcare professional based on individual circumstances.
Overall, the prompt initiation of reperfusion therapy, whether it is through primary PCI or thrombolytic therapy, is crucial in reducing mortality and improving outcomes for patients with STEMI.