Final answer:
A proper lookout by the Navigation Rules requires vigilance, clear visibility, use of binoculars, and communication. If the Earth were flat, there would be no advantage to posting lookouts on the mast.
Step-by-step explanation:
A proper lookout by the Navigation Rules requires several things:
- Vigilance: Lookouts must be alert and watch for any potential hazards or obstacles.
- Clear visibility: Lookouts should have an unobstructed view of the surrounding area.
- Use of binoculars: Lookouts often use binoculars to enhance their vision and detect objects at a farther distance.
- Communication: Lookouts need to effectively communicate with the rest of the crew, especially the helmsman, to relay any important information.
If the Earth were flat, there would be no advantage to posting lookouts on the mast, as the view from any height would be the same due to the absence of curvature.