Final answer:
During an antero-lateral approach in a total hip replacement, there are certain structures that should be avoided. These include the superior gluteal nerve, lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, and femoral artery and vein.
Step-by-step explanation:
During a total hip replacement (THR), the antero-lateral approach is one of the surgical techniques that can be used. This approach involves making an incision on the side of the hip, allowing access to the hip joint without detaching any muscles. However, there are a few structures that should be avoided during this approach:
- Superior gluteal nerve: This nerve innervates the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus muscles. It should be identified and preserved to avoid postoperative complications such as weakness or dysfunction of these muscles.
- Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve: This nerve provides sensation to the skin on the outer side of the thigh. Care should be taken to avoid injuring it during the surgery.
- Femoral artery and vein: These blood vessels sit deep to the muscles and should be avoided to prevent potentially severe bleeding.