Final answer:
Pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during cardiogenic shock, which is the inability of the heart to maintain cardiac output. Fluid buildup in the pulmonary capillaries leads to excessive leakage of water and impaired breathing. The option (B) is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
Pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during cardiogenic shock. Cardiogenic shock results from the inability of the heart to maintain cardiac output due to conditions such as myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, valve disorders, or cardiac failure.
When the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood into the systemic circulation, fluids get backed up in the pulmonary capillaries, leading to excessive leakage of water and fluid buildup in the lungs. Therefore, option (B) is correct.