Final answer:
The jaw thrust maneuver should be used to open the airway of a victim with a suspected head or neck injury. The Heimlich maneuver and head tilt-chin lift techniques are not appropriate in these cases.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a victim has a suspected head or neck injury, the method to open their airway should be the jaw thrust maneuver. This technique involves using your fingers to gently move the jaw forward without tilting their head back. It is important to avoid any movement of the head and neck to prevent further injury. The jaw thrust maneuver is preferred in these cases because it provides better support to the cervical spine and reduces the risk of exacerbating any potential spinal cord damage.
The Heimlich maneuver is not appropriate for a victim with a suspected head or neck injury, as it involves forceful abdominal pressure that may cause movement in the neck and spine. This maneuver is more commonly used to clear a blocked airway caused by choking. If the victim is choking and does not have a head or neck injury, the Heimlich maneuver may be performed to attempt to expel the obstructing object.
The head tilt-chin lift technique is used to open the airway by tilting the head back and lifting the chin. However, this method is not recommended for victims with suspected head or neck injuries, as it can cause movement in the cervical spine. It is important to prioritize the safety and stability of the head and neck in these situations.