Final answer:
The shock absorber is the device primarily used to absorb energy and dampen suspension oscillation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The device primarily used to absorb energy and dampen suspension oscillation is the shock absorber.
The shock absorber is a component of a car's suspension system that helps to reduce the effects of bumps and vibrations by absorbing and dissipating energy. It does this through the use of hydraulic fluid or gas-filled chambers.
For example, when a car hits a bump, the shock absorber compresses and absorbs the energy of the impact, preventing it from being transferred to the rest of the suspension system and reducing the oscillation or bounce that occurs.