Final answer:
The correct term for an infection contracted within a health care facility is a nosocomial infection, categorized as option C. Nosocomial infections can occur due to various factors such as exposure to pathogens in the healthcare setting and are different from iatrogenic diseases, which result directly from medical procedures.
Step-by-step explanation:
Nosocomial infections, also referred to as healthcare-associated infections, can arise from various sources within a medical setting, including improper sterilized equipment, contaminated bed sheets, door handles, or poor hygiene practices by clinicians and nurses.
Patients often have weakened immune systems, increasing their susceptibility to infections. Furthermore, the widespread use of antibiotics may promote the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, leading to severe infections that are difficult to treat. It's important to distinguish nosocomial infections from iatrogenic diseases, which are directly resulting from medical procedures like surgery. Nosocomial diseases are contracted in hospital settings due to various factors that can include exposure to pathogens and weakened immune systems among patients.