Final answer:
Insulin and glucagon are hormones that mainly influence the liver and muscles to maintain blood glucose levels. Secreted by the pancreas, insulin decreases blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake and storage, while glucagon increases them by promoting glycogen breakdown.
Step-by-step explanation:
Insulin and glucagon are hormones that primarily influence the liver and muscle in regard to blood glucose regulation. The pancreas secretes these hormones to maintain the homeostasis of blood glucose levels. Insulin's main function is to stimulate glucose uptake by various cells and promote its storage as glycogen in the liver and muscles. It decreases blood glucose levels when they are high, particularly after eating.
On the other hand, glucagon promotes the breakdown of glycogen in the liver, increasing blood glucose levels when they are too low, such as during fasting. Together, these hormones work in a negative feedback loop to keep blood glucose levels within a normal range.