Final answer:
Corrective vision surgeries include LASIK, which reshapes the cornea with a laser, and PRK, which similarly corrects focus issues caused by myopia or hyperopia.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two types of corrective vision surgeries commonly used to correct vision problems like myopia and hyperopia are LASIK (Laser-Assisted in situ Keratomileusis) and PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy). LASIK surgery utilizes a laser to permanently reshape the cornea, ensuring that light is focused correctly on the retina. PRK is similar but differs in the way the cornea is prepared for the procedure. Both surgeries aim to correct the focus of light onto the retina, which is necessary for clear vision.
Myopia, or nearsightedness, is corrected by creating a flatter cornea to decrease its power, while hyperopia, or farsightedness, is corrected by making the cornea steeper to increase its power. The final result is that the light rays converge properly on the retina, providing the clear vision that was lacking.