Final answer:
The False Claims Act (FCA) protects the Federal Government from fraud by imposing civil liability on parties knowingly making false claims for government payment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question is: c. False Claims Act (FCA). The False Claims Act plays a pivotal role in protecting the Federal Government from being overcharged or sold substandard goods or services. It establishes civil liability for any individual or entity that knowingly submits, or causes to be submitted, a fraudulent claim to the Federal Government. Examples of activities that could violate the FCA include billing for services that were not actually provided, charging for higher-quality items while providing lower quality ones, or submitting false records to obtain government payment.
By imposing liability on wrongdoers, the FCA serves as a deterrent and prevention measure against fraud, ensuring better accountability and integrity within transactions involving government expenditure.