Final answer:
The requirement of composing poetry as part of the civil service examination during the Tang period is true, primarily benefiting candidates with sophisticated literary skills and those from prestigious families.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the civil service examination during the Tang period required the composition of poetry is true. Candidates for civil service were expected to demonstrate sophisticated literary skills and knowledge of Confucian and Daoist classics, which included poetic composition. Although the exams theoretically were open to everyone, in practice, systemic barriers and economic constraints limited the opportunity mostly to those from prestigious families. Those who could impress with their literary achievements, including poetry, had an advantage in securing government offices.