Final answer:
The Reconquista was indeed both a military and religious effort by Christian kingdoms to regain control of the Iberian Peninsula from Muslim rulers, which lasted from the 8th century to 1492.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question 'True/False: For the Spanish, reconquering the Iberian Peninsula was a military and religious action' pertains to the historical period known as the Reconquista. The correct answer is a. True. The Reconquista was a series of campaigns by Christian states to recapture territory taken by Muslims. It lasted from the 8th century until 1492. This was not only a military campaign but also a religious one, as the Christian kingdoms of the north sought to reclaim Spain for Christendom, leading to the eventual expulsion or conversion of Muslim and Jewish populations in Spain.