Final answer:
The physical examination finding that is not normal in an elderly woman is 'Puckering of the skin over breast tissue,' as this can indicate breast cancer and is not a part of normal aging, which involves changes like reduced saliva production, decreased reflexes, and corneal arcus. correct answer is a) Puckering of the skin over breast tissue.
Step-by-step explanation:
The normal physical examination finding in an elderly woman that does not belong in the list is a) Puckering of the skin over breast tissue. Puckering or dimpling of the skin over the breast can be a sign of breast cancer and is not a normal aging-related change. As we age, various physical and cognitive changes occur. For example, reduced saliva production is a common aging change that can affect oral health and digestion. Similarly, decreased deep tendon reflexes occur due to changes in nerve conduction and muscle elasticity. The corneal arcus, a gray or white arc visible above and below the outer part of the cornea, is also considered a normal finding in the elderly, although it can have associations with cholesterol levels earlier in life.
As part of the aging process, changes in the integumentary system happen, such as decreased mitosis in the skin's stratum basale, leading to a thinner epidermis and consequently reducing skin elasticity. Many tissues, including those in muscles, lose mass through atrophy, and joints lose cartilage and stiffen. Additionally, the hypodermis loses structure due to reduction and redistribution of fat, contributing to the sagging of skin.