Final answer:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial disorder characterized by insulin resistance and eventually leading to insulin deficiency, influenced by both genetic and lifestyle factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Characterization
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is best described as a disorder of insulin resistance with eventual insulin deficiency. It is a multifactorial disorder in which a combination of insulin resistance and impaired insulin production, influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, lead to high levels of blood glucose.
Unlike type 1 diabetes, which is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas, type 2 diabetes generally develops due to cells becoming resistant to the effects of insulin. Over time, insulin resistance is often accompanied by a reduction in insulin production by the pancreas. Risk factors, such as obesity, inactivity, and a poor diet, significantly contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes.
Management of type 2 diabetes mostly revolves around lifestyle changes such as diet modification and increased physical activity which may improve insulin sensitivity. Medications and sometimes insulin injections are also used in treatment.