Final answer:
The cytoskeletal structures that move to the poles during meiosis and mitosis are called Kinetochore Microtubules. They serve as anchors for spindle fiber attachment and help with the orientation of sister chromatids.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cytoskeletal structures that move to the poles to serve as anchors for spindle fiber attachment during meiosis and mitosis are called Kinetochore Microtubules.
During prometaphase, kinetochore microtubules develop on each sister chromatid. These microtubules attract and bind to the mitotic spindle microtubules, serving as anchors for spindle fiber attachment. Once attached, the sister chromatids are oriented until their kinetochores face the opposite poles, allowing all the chromatids to be attached to microtubules from opposing poles.