Final answer:
The statement is true, cultural relativism is often used to defend the practice of FGM, though critics argue for a balance between respecting cultural traditions and upholding universal justice principles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement is true; those who defend the practice of female genital mutilation (FGM) often use arguments linked to Cultural Relativism. This approach to morality suggests that practices and beliefs are relative to their cultural context and should therefore be understood and respected within that frame. However, critics like Martha Nussbaum argue against a blanket application of cultural relativism for issues such as FGM, instead suggesting a universal conception of justice that recognizes reasonable pluralism, sensitive to cultural differences while defending the rights of women. Anthropologists practicing cultural relativism aim to understand the complex social and cultural reasons behind practices such as FGM, with a professional goal to avoid ethnocentric judgments while recognizing harm and advocating for change when necessary. Gender inequality and interventions by Western nations also play a significant role in debates around FGM, as they often seek to stop the practice, supported by arguments opposing to cultural relativism.