Final answer:
Aldo Leopold is the ethicist who views all living things as "teleological centers of life", advocating for a land ethic that includes respect for all organisms. This concept aligns with deep ecology, which asserts the intrinsic value of all life, contrasting traditional anthropocentric views.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ethicist who holds that all living things are "teleological centers of life" is Aldo Leopold. He advocated a biocentric view of the world, suggesting that land and the living organisms within it should be included within our ethical considerations. Leopold believed that humans are not conquerors but mere members of the natural community, proposing a land ethic that respects both living beings and the systems they create. This perspective is further echoed in deep ecology, a movement that also views all life as inherently valuable.
Entomologist Edward O. Wilson has also made significant contributions to the study of biodiversity and recognizing the critical role humans play within the biological web of life. Wilson, alongside Leopold and others, has pushed for a shift in ethical perspective, away from anthropocentrism and towards a more inclusive approach that values the intrinsic worth of all living entities.