Final answer:
The coalition in the Persian Gulf War consisted of United Nations members and regional allies, formed to oppose Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm were military strategies by the coalition, which included countries from NATO and the Middle East, to defend and liberate Kuwait.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two types of coalition members in the Persian Gulf War were the United Nations members and regional allies. These members formed a coalition to counter Iraq's invasion of Kuwait. Led by the United States, the coalition included various NATO members and Middle Eastern countries like Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Egypt.
President George H. W. Bush and his foreign policy team established this coalition aiming for a "new world order" where global cooperation would prevent such aggressive actions. The strategic military operations that took place were Operation Desert Shield, a defensive build-up to protect Saudi Arabia, followed by Operation Desert Storm, a concentrated offensive to liberate Kuwait from Iraqi control.
Operation Desert Storm received backing from an international coalition of thirty-four countries and began after Iraq failed to comply with a UN Security Council resolution demanding its withdrawal from Kuwait. The coalition's efforts resulted in Iraq surrendering and agreeing to leave Kuwait within a few days. The success of the coalition highlights the international community's ability to band together and address collective security concerns.