Question

What fractions of the crude oil are destroyed first, and what does it cause?

a) Light fractions are destroyed, causing an increase in viscosity
b) Heavy fractions are destroyed, causing a decrease in viscosity
c) Aromatic compounds are destroyed, causing a decrease in odor
d) None of the fractions are destroyed by temperature changes

Answer 1

The light fractions of crude oil, such as gases and gasoline, are destroyed first in fractional distillation. This process does not directly cause changes in viscosity or odor.

Step-by-step explanation:

In the process of fractional distillation, the lightest components of crude oil are vaporized and rise to the top of the distillation column. These light fractions include gases like methane and ethane, as well as liquid components like gasoline. On the other hand, the heavier fractions with higher boiling points, such as diesel, kerosene, and lubricants, remain at the bottom of the column.

The destruction of certain fractions does not directly cause a change in viscosity or odor. It is the refining processes like cracking and reforming that convert less valuable fractions into more volatile and valuable mixtures.