Final answer:
Language deficits in Intellectual Disability (ID) can include aphasias due to damage to specific brain areas, leading to difficulties in speech production, comprehension, and use of language. V-N dissociation may occur, impacting verbs or nouns usage. Assessing these deficits is vital for targeted support.
Step-by-step explanation:
Language deficits in Intellectual Disability (ID) often reflect issues with understanding or using language which can include difficulties with verbal commands, associating words with objects, or expressing oneself. Aphasia, a loss of speech functions, is a known deficit that occurs due to damage to cerebral areas like Broca's or Wernicke's areas, which hinders language-dependent processing. Damage to different regions of the brain causes distinct types of language impairment:
- Damage to Broca's area can lead to difficulty in speech production and articulation.
- Damage to Wernicke's area may result in an inability to understand or formulate coherent language.
- Aphasias can also be classified based on specific linguistic challenges, such as difficulty primarily with verbs (V impairment) or nouns (N impairment).
- Furthermore, right hemisphere damage can affect nonverbal aspects of speech, resulting in a flat affect, indicating a loss of emotional expression in language.
It's significant to note that ID can encompass a range of language deficits, from simple commands to complex language processing, and proper assessment is crucial for identifying specific issues and providing appropriate support.