Final answer:
Vocal fold nodules are benign growths on the vocal folds of the larynx, typically caused by prolonged vocal strain. They can lead to hoarseness and are mostly located at the midpoint of the vocal folds. The vocal cords are essential components of the larynx, including the thyrohyoid membrane, vestibular fold, and ligaments.
Step-by-step explanation:
Vocal fold nodules are benign (non-cancerous) growths that typically form on the vocal folds of the larynx. These nodules are a result of prolonged vocal strain and overuse. Individuals who use their voice extensively, such as singers, teachers, or public speakers, are at higher risk of developing nodules. The nodules are typically bilateral, meaning they appear on both sides of the vocal cords, and they can cause hoarseness and a change in the pitch of the voice.
Vocal fold nodules form as a result of repeated trauma to the vocal cords. This trauma causes inflammation and subsequent formation of nodules. When the vocal cords come together and vibrate, there can be small areas that are subject to repeated pressure and irritation, leading to the development of these nodules. They are generally located at the midpoint of the vocal folds, where contact is most frequent during phonation.
The true vocal cords and vestibular folds can be viewed from the laryngopharynx, looking inferiorly. The structural components include the thyrohyoid membrane, vestibular fold, vocal fold, thyroid cartilage, and the cricothyroid and cricotracheal ligaments. The epithelium lining the superior portion of the larynx protects and aids in clearing debris and pathogens from entering the trachea.