Final answer:
An artery delivering blood to the kidney contains oxygen-rich blood and is part of the systemic circuit. The renal arteries, branching from the aorta, supply the kidneys and take a significant portion of the heart's output to enable the kidneys' filtering function.
Step-by-step explanation:
An artery delivering blood to the kidney would have oxygen-rich blood in it and would be part of the systemic circuit. The renal arteries are responsible for transporting this blood to the kidneys. These arteries branch directly from the aorta, the body's primary and largest artery. A key function of the kidneys is to filter waste products from the blood, which requires a significant blood supply. The renal arteries provide about 10 percent of the cardiac output to the kidneys and further subdivide into segmental, interlobar, arcuate and cortical radiate arteries to reach every part of the kidney.The extensive vascular network in the kidneys plays a crucial role in their ability to filter and clean the blood. Blood enters and exits the kidney at the renal hilum.
After branching from the aorta as renal arteries they split into various segmental arteries that supply different regions of the kidneys. Once the filtering process is complete, the cleaned blood exits the kidneys through the renal veins to join the inferior vena cava, returning to the heart for recirculation.