Final answer:
The Transcendentalist movement and Utopian communities were the two significant social movements that influenced transcendental literature by promoting ideas of human perfectibility, individualism, and the importance of the spiritual over the rational.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two important social movements that impacted transcendental literature were the Transcendentalist movement and the various Utopian communities of the nineteenth century. The Transcendentalists, who were part of a larger Romantic movement that emphasized the elevation of the spirit over reason, had a profound effect on American literature, promoting individualism and a belief in the inherent goodness of people. Similarly, Utopian communities aimed to establish ideal societies to achieve human perfection, focusing on hard work and commitment to community ideals, though many of these communities were short-lived. These movements introduced new ideas and influenced the cultural landscape of American society.