Final answer:
The Ural Mountains separate the two parts of Russia and serve as the boundary between Europe and Asia. Siberia is the name for Russia's Asian side.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mountain that separates the two parts of Russia and serves as the dividing line between Europe and Asia is the Ural Mountains. This mountain range runs from the Arctic Ocean to Kazakhstan, and it marks the eastern edge of the Eastern European Plain, also known as the Western Russian Plain. The Ural Mountains contain valuable natural resources such as coal, iron ore, and precious and semiprecious stones.
On the other hand, the name for Russia's Asian side is Siberia. Siberia refers to all of Asian Russia east of the Ural Mountains, including the Eastern Frontier and the Russian Far East. It is a vast region that stretches from the northern Ural Mountains to the Bering Strait.