Final answer:
A mental map is a representation of a portion of Earth's surface based on what an individual knows and thinks about a place. It is shaped by personal experiences and knowledge, and includes key landmarks and routes familiar to the individual.
Step-by-step explanation:
A mental map is d) A representation of a portion of Earth's surface based on an individual's knowledge of a place. Mental maps are personal, subjective representations of a space that help individuals navigate and understand the world around them. Unlike geologic or topographic maps, which are objective and use contour lines or grids to represent physical features and positions accurately, mental maps are shaped by perceptions, experiences, and knowledge of the area. They are not drawn to scale or scientifically accurate, but rather reflect what an individual knows and thinks about a space, often including key landmarks and routes.