Final answer:
Immediate treatments for STEMI include administering supplemental oxygen, aspirin, and nitroglycerine. Longer-term treatments include thrombolytic agents, heparin, angioplasty, stents, and bypass surgery. Contraindications for reperfusion therapies should be carefully considered based on the patient's medical history and condition.
Step-by-step explanation:
STEMI requires quick medical intervention with treatments such as supplemental oxygen, aspirin, nitroglycerine, thrombolytics like streptokinase, anticoagulants like heparin, balloon angioplasty, stents, and potentially coronary bypass surgery or heart replacement. Contraindications for these treatments include previous hemorrhagic stroke, recent surgery, and bleeding disorders. Non-medical factors such as patient consent and comorbid conditions also influence the treatment plan.
Immediate treatments for STEMI (ST-elevated MI) include administering supplemental oxygen, aspirin, and nitroglycerine. Supplemental oxygen provides extra oxygen to the heart and tissues, aspirin helps to break up clots, and nitroglycerine relaxes the smooth muscle in the coronary vessels.
Longer-term treatments for STEMI include thrombolytic agents, such as streptokinase, which dissolve the clot, the anticoagulant heparin, balloon angioplasty and stents to open blocked vessels, and bypass surgery if the damage is extensive.
Some contraindications for reperfusion therapies include active bleeding, recent surgery or trauma, intracranial hemorrhage, and severe hypertension. Each patient's medical history and condition should be carefully considered before deciding on the appropriate reperfusion treatment.