Final answer:
The acute treatment of NSTEMI involves administering oxygen, aspirin, and nitroglycerine, followed by diagnostic ECG and blood tests for markers like creatine kinase MB and cardiac troponin. Ongoing care can include anticoagulation with heparin, revascularization procedures, and in severe cases, a coronary assist device or heart transplant.
Step-by-step explanation:
Acute Treatment of NSTEMI
The initial management of Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) involves a prompt work-up and treatment to minimize heart damage and prevent further complications. Early and immediate treatments for an MI are crucial and include providing supplemental oxygen, administering aspirin to help prevent further blood clotting, and using nitroglycerine sublingually to improve coronary blood flow. Further diagnostics, such as an ECG and blood tests for creatine kinase MB and cardiac troponin, are essential to confirm the diagnosis of NSTEMI.
For ongoing care, patients may receive anticoagulants like heparin, undergo revascularization procedures such as balloon angioplasty with stent placement, or, in severe cases, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In certain situations where there is severe cardiac dysfunction, a coronary assist device or heart transplant may be considered. Some patients with complications, such as arrhythmias, may require urgent interventions like cardioversion or defibrillation.