Final answer:
Statin-induced myopathy is a potential side effect of cholesterol-lowering drugs known as statins, which inhibit the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase to reduce cholesterol synthesis. It can cause muscle pain or weakness, with a heightened risk when combined with other drugs like fibrates. Treatment includes dietary changes and medication monitoring.
Step-by-step explanation:
Statin-induced myopathy refers to muscle pain or weakness associated with the use of statin medications, which are a class of drugs prescribed to reduce cholesterol levels in the blood. Statins, such as Atorvastatin (Lipitor) and Rosuvastatin (Crestor), are inhibitors of the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. This enzyme is crucial for the body's synthesis of cholesterol from lipids. By inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, statins effectively reduce the production of cholesterol, aiding in the prevention of coronary artery disease.
While statins are generally well-tolerated, a small percentage of patients experience statin-induced myopathy, which can range from mild muscle discomfort to a more severe condition known as rhabdomyolysis. Myopathy risk can be heightened when statins are combined with other medications such as fibrates or when taken in high doses. Patients with high levels of triglycerides may need alternative or additional treatments, including fibrates, due to their different beneficial effects on lipid profiles. However, combination therapy increases the risk of myopathy and must be monitored closely. Dietary modification is often the first step in managing elevated cholesterol levels, with medications being added as necessary based on individual cardiovascular risk factors.