Final answer:
Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It may not show symptoms but can lead to severe health problems if left untreated, which is why routine screening and antibiotic treatment are crucial, especially for young and high-risk individuals.
Step-by-step explanation:
What is Chlamydia?
Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It is known to be the most prevalent bacterial STI in the United States, affecting mainly young people aged 15 to 24. While chlamydia can be transmitted through sexual contact with an infected partner's genitals, anus, or mouth, it does not require ejaculation for transmission. This infection may lead to a burning sensation during urination and genital discharge. If left untreated, chlamydia can cause serious health issues such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and infertility, and is associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer. Routine screening and antibiotics can effectively treat and cure chlamydia, particularly since many individuals do not exhibit symptoms and may not seek treatment.
It is recommended that sexually active women under 25 and those at high risk undergo annual chlamydia screening due to the asymptomatic nature of the infection and its potential for serious complications. Pregnant women are also advised to get tested to prevent transmission to their infants during childbirth.