Final answer:
A concept which cannot be perceived through the five senses but instead must be understood through its effects or attributes includes abstract or theoretical ideas that exceed direct sensory experience. Philosophers like Berkeley and Kant propose that certain concepts are derived from divine influence or innate categories of thought. In science, models like virtual particles or electron clouds represent these abstract concepts.
Step-by-step explanation:
A concept which cannot be perceived through the five senses but instead must be understood through its effects or attributes is often associated with abstract or theoretical ideas that are not tangible. In philosophical contexts, we delve into the works of philosophers like Berkeley who suggests that physical objects and our sensation of them are the consequence of divine volition. This line of thought implies that our sensory experiences are ultimately ideas in the mind of God and by extension, the material world is a collection of these ideas.
Similarly, Kant addresses the limitations of our understanding beyond the empirical world, noting that some concepts are beyond the bounds of sensation, positing that the nature of objects as they are in themselves is unknowable to us. Furthermore, Kant discusses how empirical derivation combined with understanding provides the necessary concepts to make sense of our sensory experiences, utilizing categories of thought that make empirical concepts and judgments possible.
Science also reflects on this concept, as seen with phenomena like virtual particles which cannot be directly observed but are known through their effects. Theoretical frameworks and scientific models are therefore constructed to make sense of the intangible or extremely complex phenomena which evade direct sensory perception. A familiar example is the electron cloud model, which simplifies a complex atomic structure into a comprehensible visual model based on experimental data.