Final answer:
Primary prevention encompasses measures taken to prevent the onset of disease by addressing risk factors, increasing resistance, and promoting healthy behaviours like immunizations and hand washing.
Step-by-step explanation:
Primary prevention refers to steps taken to prevent the onset of disease before it occurs, by removing disease risk factors or increasing disease resistance. Some common examples of primary prevention include immunizations, maintaining a healthy diet and exercise routine, and engaging in public health education to prevent the spread of contagious diseases. Vaccination is one of the most effective forms of primary prevention, as it directly builds an individual's immunity to a specific pathogen, thereby preventing potential outbreaks of viral disease. The practice of primary prevention aligns with the principle of nonmaleficence, ensuring actions are taken to avoid harm to individuals by preventing diseases rather than solely treating them after they occur.
Additionally, personal behaviours, such as hand washing and regular visits to the doctor, contribute to primary prevention by reducing the risk of waterborne and other communicable diseases. In the context of public health, epidemiological data informs strategies for primary prevention interventions, aiming to sustain better health outcomes across populations.