Final answer:
Loop diuretics, such as hydrochlorothiazide, are prescribed to block the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys, which increases the amount of salt excreted in the urine and leads to increased urination.
Step-by-step explanation:
Loop diuretics, such as hydrochlorothiazide, are prescribed to block the reabsorption of sodium by the kidneys. These drugs work by inhibiting the Nat/Cl-symporter in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct, which prevents the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions. As a result, more sodium is excreted in the urine, along with water that follows by osmosis. This increased excretion of salt and water leads to increased urination.