Final answer:
The main advantage of sexual reproduction is the increased genetic diversity it provides, enhancing the adaptability and survival of a population in changing environments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The main advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is c. there is greater diversity in the offspring. Sexual reproduction involves the combination of genetic material from two parents, leading to offspring with diverse phenotypes. This genetic variation is crucial for the survival of a population, especially in changing environments, as it provides a wider range of traits that might be beneficial under new conditions.
In contrast, asexual reproduction tends to produce offspring that are genetically identical to the parent, which means they may have less ability to adapt to new or unpredictable environments. Asexual reproduction does allow a species to reproduce quickly and does not require the energy expenditure in finding a mate, which are advantages in stable environments but can be a limitation when conditions change.
Ultimately, while both methods of reproduction have their benefits, the genetic diversity resulting from sexual reproduction is a significant advantage in the long-term adaptability of a population.