Question

Aerobic respiration:

a. allows the body to avoid the use of oxygen for a short time.
b. results in the formation of an incompletely catabolized molecule.
c. results in the formation of lactate.
d. produces the maximum amount of energy available from each glucose molecule.

Answer 1

Aerobic respiration is a highly efficient metabolic process that maximize the amount of energy extracted from each glucose molecule, producing up to 38 ATP molecules with the presence of oxygen.

Step-by-step explanation:

The correct answer to the question 'Aerobic respiration:' is d. produces the maximum amount of energy available from each glucose molecule. Aerobic respiration is a metabolic process that breaks down glucose or other nutrients in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and a large amount of ATP. In fact, aerobic respiration is known to generate up to 38 ATP molecules from a single molecule of glucose, which is significantly more than the 2 ATP molecules produced during anaerobic processes like glycolysis and fermentation.

Unlike anaerobic respiration, which occurs when oxygen is limited and results in products like lactate, aerobic respiration takes place in mitochondria and is complete, utilizing oxygen to fully catabolize glucose. This provides about 95 percent of the ATP required for resting or moderately active muscles. The efficiency and capacity of aerobic respiration to produce ATP make it essential for sustained, long-duration activities and overall cellular function.