Question

How does electron shielding affect the ability of an atom to form a cation?

A) It has no effect on cation formation.
B) It makes cation formation more difficult.
C) It makes cation formation easier.
D) It depends on the specific electron configuration.

Answer 1

Electron shielding makes cation formation easier.

Step-by-step explanation:

Electron shielding refers to the effect by which electrons closer to the nucleus neutralize a portion of the positive charge of the nucleus, decreasing the attractive interaction between the nucleus and an electron farther away. This shielding has an impact on the ability of an atom to form a cation. When an atom loses electrons to become a cation, the effective nuclear charge experienced by the remaining electrons increases. If there is more electron shielding, the attractive force between the nucleus and the valence electrons is weaker, making it easier for the atom to form a cation. Therefore, the correct answer is C) It makes cation formation easier.