Final answer:
Sexism involves prejudiced beliefs and discrimination that value one sex over another, often perpetuating gender stereotypes. It manifests in various forms, from lacking gender diversity in top leadership positions to societal expectations of gender behavior. Both individual and institutional sexism need to be addressed to achieve true gender equality.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sexism is a form of prejudice that values one sex over the other, often leading to discrimination and the perpetuation of gender stereotypes. Influences that perpetuate sexism include promoting gender diversity in leadership roles, challenging stereotypes and biases, fostering inclusion and equity in all settings, and refraining from engaging in discriminatory actions or attitudes based on gender. Despite advances, women are still underrepresented in many high-level positions due to societal patterns of discrimination and the glass ceiling. Additionally, gender roles and expectations can contribute to sexism; for instance, women may face adverse judgments for being assertive, contrasting with the positive reception men often receive for the same behavior.
Examining one's own experiences and observing family members' careers might reveal the subtle ways in which sexism influences job distribution. Men and women are often funneled into professions stereotypically associated with their gender, such as men being surgeons and women being nurses, reinforcing these biases. Scholars and researchers emphasize that both individual and institutional levels of sexism need to be addressed to achieve true gender equality.