Final answer:
Certain neighborhood characteristics, such as poverty and resident turnover, can contribute to elevated crime rates, while stable and homogeneous neighborhoods tend to have stronger social control. Factors like fast-food restaurants and environmental pollutants can also affect neighborhood health. Geographic factors and the social environment play a crucial role in neighborhood-level risk factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The general argument about neighborhood-level risk factors is that certain characteristics of neighborhoods, such as poverty, ethnic heterogeneity, and residential mobility, can contribute to elevated crime rates. Poor neighborhoods with a diverse population and frequent resident turnover tend to have weaker social control, while wealthier, stable, and homogeneous neighborhoods foster a stronger sense of collective responsibility and deter crime. Factors like the presence of fast-food restaurants or environmental pollutants can also impact neighborhood health and well-being. Overall, geographic factors and the social environment of a neighborhood play a significant role in determining the risk factors that contribute to crime and other issues.