Final answer:
The Union held advantages in the Civil War such as a larger population, industrial superiority, an extensive railroad system, and abundant food supplies from northern farms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Union (North) had several advantages during the Civil War. One significant advantage was its larger population, which provided a greater pool of manpower. The North's industrial capabilities outstripped those of the South, producing more war materials and facilitating the movement of supplies and troops with an extensive railroad grid. This industrial and transportation edge owed much to the effects of the Industrial Revolution and the transportation revolution. Additionally, the farms in various northern regions ensured a steady supply of food for both civilians and the Union troops, contributing to the North's sustained war effort and reducing the likelihood of shortages that were seen in the South.