Final answer:
The dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) of spinal nerves convey sensory information from the body's surface and visceral information from internal organs to the central nervous system.
Step-by-step explanation:
The neurons contained in the dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) of spinal nerves generally convey either sensory information from the body surface, walls of body cavities, and extremities or visceral information from the internal organs and contents of body cavities. Sensory information from the periphery, such as touch and proprioception, enters the central nervous system (CNS) through the dorsal root ganglia. Each sensory neuron within the ganglia has a projection that ends in the skin, muscles, or sensory organs and another projection that synapses with a neuron in the dorsal spinal cord. Conversely, viscera such as internal organs communicate with the brain through visceral sensory fibers in the spinal nerves, which are then interpreted in the brain.
The dorsal root ganglia play a crucial role in the transmission of sensory information, with diverse types of sensory neurons gathering there. These neurons transmit signals from the periphery to the spinal cord and brain for processing, while the ventral root of the spinal nerve is responsible for conveying motor information from the CNS to muscles and glands.