Final answer:
The Problem of Evil questions the coexistence of a perfect deity with the reality of evil, challenging characteristics attributed to God, such as all-knowing, all-powerful, and all-good.
Step-by-step explanation:
The philosophical exploration of evil and injustice addresses the Problem of Evil, which seeks to understand how a deity characterized by omniscience, omnipotence, and omnibenevolence could coexist with the presence of evil in the world. Philosophers like Augustine and Aquinas turned to reason to reconcile faith with the existence of suffering and moral evil. David Hume's skeptical approach further challenges the traditional view by presenting a logical problem: if suffering persists despite God's awareness and ability to stop it, then the divine attributes of omniscience, omnipotence, or omnibenevolence may be called into question. This quandary not only impacts philosophical arguments for God's existence but also stimulates profound theological and existential discussions.