Final answer:
Baron Antoine-Jean Gros, trained by Neoclassical artist David, is the artist linked to the Romanticism movement, particularly through his painting 'Napoleon at the Pesthouse at Jaffa' which highlights the emotion and heroism characteristic of Romanticism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The artist associated with the Romanticism art movement and famous for the painting 'Napoleon at the Pesthouse at Jaffa' is Baron Antoine-Jean Gros. Although trained by Neoclassical master Jacques-Louis David, Gros' work in this painting reflects a departure towards the Romantic style, capturing the emotion, drama, and vivid depiction of Napoleon's military campaigns, characteristics that later influenced artists such as Gericault and Delacroix. In 'Napoleon Visiting the Pesthouse in Jaffa', Gros addresses the dramatic and heroism themes, aligned with the Romanticism ethos, which favored emotion, exotic locales, and historical events over the rationality and formality of Neoclassicism.